Premature baby

Premature baby

Is born resulting from a gestation period of less than 37 weeks and weighing less than 2500 g, and most cases of weight loss resulting from poor fetal growth during pregnancy (smaller than the old embryonic).

One of the main causes:

1. repeat births and sequencing.

2. ethnic element (HLA).

3-smoking and drinking alcohol.

4. malnutrition in terms of quantity and content of the expectant mother with hard work during pregnancy and chronic diseases period.

5. decrease pain and weakness weight during pregnancy.

Complications faced by premature baby:

1. congenital deformities and disabilities.

2. Low blood sugar with difficulty breathing and general lethargy.

3. The instability of body temperature with recurring injuries colds and infectious diseases.

4. suffocation as a result of inhaling fluid during the birth process.

5. internal bleeding.

Premature baby care:

Premature baby needs special care so that they can continue to live and most important:

1. Provide proper temperature (27-30) degree.

2. Provide an appropriate amount of oxygen (about 40%) through the air they breathed.

3. The presence of moisture content (60%).

Preferably these children are placed in incubators artificial especially where the previous conditions and under constant medical supervision with appropriate good nutrition is available even if you have reached the normal weight is transferred to the homes where the nurse to train mothers on how to care for their children and nutrition.

Spots and freckles skin in newborns

Spots and freckles skin in newborns

In the first days after birth may notice a mother and having spots or assigned to the child's skin, changes in skin color, the colors of different forms, may not be looked at other children, and in most cases are natural changes in the child, or temporary reasons appear in the birth and soon disappear from itself and where it's various forms, we will try on this blog commentary about the inclusion of images with similar, if possible, but you must consult your doctor for a correct diagnosis and how to deal with those situations.

Birthmark:
They are different-sized blue leather patches, does not know why she is not bleeding under the skin or for reasons of birth.
Abound in white children more than mulatto (skin color).
Often in the hip area and may cover the back and called birthmark.
Often gradually decreases with age and disappear at the age of two to seven years, with no problems on the child and do not require treatment.

Costs light brown color:
Notes after giving birth and having oval-shaped patches on the skin anywhere in the body color Light Brown-like color of milk with coffee, size, different and usually do not disappear with age but increase in size and number, and usually do not harms them, but if you notice there are more than six spots the size of each of which more than half a centimeter, you should discuss it with your doctor to rule out some pathological cases.

Bite anxiety (Kiss Angel):
More signs of which are in the birth, where they appear at first in the form of a change in color of the skin-colored pink or red.
More appear in the area behind the neck - the front - eyelid Alaloy- on the nose.
Usually disappear of itself within a few months, has left a slight change in skin color, in this case, are not harmful to the child, and do not require treatment.



Purple birthmark:
This birthmark show since birth in the form of non-senior of the skin, are painted red or dark purple.
Usually on one side of the body and be multiple sizes and forms and grow in the same body growth speed.
Do not disappear from the same and are the result of dilation of blood vessels under the skin and lay gravity of the situation in the presence of this stretch of expansion in the internal areas of the body In the case of presence around the eye or head, the fear that the presence of stretch in the brain and called that case ( sturge-weber syndrome) (spasm - retardation thinking) so they need medical follow-up and treatment is a laser that can reduce the size.

Tumor thymicae:
Of the most visible signs where occur in 10% of the births.
And is a hematoma as a result of capillaries gathered, may appear from birth in the form of his tumor red elevated skin and appearance may be delayed until the end of the first month of life of the child.
Can occur anywhere in the body and usually grow up and grow in size in the first months (four to six months) and then stop growing for a year and then begin to atrophy and disappear completely when the child reaches the age of five or six years of age.
Usually small in size and without remember so it does not need to be treated and the problems but a few cases happen to her ulceration or bleeding or be large then you need to see a doctor.

Neonatal diseases

Neonatal diseases

1. neonatal teeth:
The birth of the child notes with a fixed or mobile age is called neonatal age, and he does not fear him, the only fear when there arent perfect age is a child swallow him, or have sharp tooth hurts nipple breast.
Do I have to wear it in a hurry?
Mostly does not need to remove it except some cases, and is a non-urgent is to consult a dentist and wear it.
Does this affect the teeth or permanent?
Teeth usually are not affected by a form or a number.

2. tongue tied:

In some children note that tongue tied at the bottom with the floor of the mouth, so you have to move the tongue is weak, something unusual happens a lot and not to worry and usually disappears by the end of the first year, and if it continues then it can conduct surgery to prevent its effect on speech, the only case you need to enter the fast surgeons is the inability of the newborn breastfeeding is very rare, and usually surgical intervention after the end of the first year of a child's life.

3. The symptoms of anemia in children:
1. palaces in the motor development of the child, as well as in language learning, and the decline in academic achievement and absorb subjects.
2. The lack of attention.
3. uncertainty.
4. Feeling tired.
5. inactivity.
6. lack of physical activity.
7. reducing appetite.
8. pallor, especially on the outskirts of the fingers and on the lining of the eyelids Alasfielan.
9. weakness.
10. fainting and breathlessness.





High degree of infants and children temperature (fever):
Fever is the body temperature rises above the normal limit.
In infants and children is a rectal temperature which is equal to 38.9 degrees Celsius or less, or oral temperature, which equated 37.3 degrees Celsius or less normal.
And scores more than just this that constitutes the so-called fever.
Must know that the mandate mother heat human change even when it is in good condition, only increase or decrease, and this change is a normal, early in the morning to be a lesser degree heat and increase the afternoon.
Fever is not considered a disease in itself, but is a reference to the presence of the disease in most cases, where the high temperature indicates that something is happening inside the body.

Causes fever:
1. probably be in conflict with the body inflammation caused by bacteria or viruses, and temperatures may contribute to the eradication of the virus (fever is part of the way in which the struggling body's immune system infections such as flu or a bad case of extreme cold or ear infection).
2. reaction to the drug or medical vaccine.
3. hot kick.
4. The disease has been captured.
5. specific inflammation such as rheumatoid urinary system (and it is frequent or painful urination), tonsillitis (often accompanied with a sore throat), Pocket inflammation (pain above or below the eye) or out in the teeth (The thin area in the mouth) , inflammation of the middle ear (bouts of fever associated with strained ears).
6. Sometimes fever may accompany the growth of teeth.

Symptoms:
The symptoms of fever, including the following:
A child with a fever often forehead warm, ruddy face, and suffered chills and apparently quivering, and when the mother is in doubt, you better be able to get an accurate reading of the temperature using a medical thermometer.

Treatment:
Your doctor may prescribe medication discount fever (paracetamol) or ibuprofen and aspirin should not be given to those who are under 21 years old.
The doctor may prescribe anal suppositories are used to reduce the heat every 8 hours.
Usually easier to give children medicine liquid, Regarding the children's use dropper numbered and Aqtr medicine at the rear corner of the mouth.
And make sure you follow the doctor's instructions with regard to medication type and dose, and medications reduce the temperature of the child, and often make the child feel better, but they are mere palliatives are not addressing the cause of the infection case, which may be the cause of a fever and does not heal the situation.

Tips to lower the temperature of the child inside the house:
There are other tips to cool moderate fever (less than 39 ° C) and can be a powerful alternative for palliative medicine:
1. Do not try to immediately lower the temperature by using medications, as would be lying hidden symptoms of the disease and hamper determine the cause.
2. Make your child wearing light clothing somewhat, while making room temperature tend to be cooler temperate.
3. You can rinse your child inside the warm bath with lukewarm water.
4. assurance that your child drink plenty of fluids such as water or juice to avoid dehydration because the body loses a large amount of water in case of fever.

The first tests for newborn

The first tests for newborn

Newborn subject in his early days to a series of medical tests to make sure the integrity of such leave the hospital.

Examination of the head:

Head circumference should be between 33-37 cm.

The joints of the bones of the skull must be soft make way in front of the natural growth of the brain, which grows quickly and more bones.

Fontanelle area, if a large area of this evidence delayed the growth of the bones of the head if the defect in the gland secretions.

Examination of the eye:

We are careful examination for any bleeding inside the eye, the size of the pupil, the equal volume of the two pupil if he look straight.

Make sure the response of the pupil with light.

Make sure there are no blue water.

Examination of the ear:

Focus examination to respond to external stimuli, as it sometimes appears to have problems in this regard.

Examination of the respiratory system and the heart:

Child must be color floral tilted to flush, which gives a good impression on his heart and lungs, while the blue of the limbs go away after a few days.

Respiratory pattern must be between 40-60 times per minute, and if accompanied by laws or whistling This indicates a problem.

Heart rate should be between 120-160 per minute.

But if we notice cyanosis in skin color, then look for a problem in the heart or lungs.

Examination of the abdomen:

Abdominal muscles incomplete allow us to feel all members and seamlessly to the touch from the liver to the stomach and pancreas.

Check the navel:

Then check to make sure that the condition is good, or that it was an infection.

Examination of the spine:

We might first thorough examination of the upper body section.

And in very rare cases, we find a very small hole at the bottom of the head. If they do not pay attention to his presence could lead to inflammation in the brain membrane.

Examination of the kidneys and urinary tract:

We can easily feel the kidneys, either urinary tract and genital we might have external examination to confirm the presence of the testicles and the urethra in the right places if the baby is a boy.

But if it was a girl from the natural presence of some swelling in the genital or some vaginal secretions.

Examination of the hip:

If healthy or suffering from a dislocated what.

Examination of the skin:

Color is rosy.

But if this money to yellowing evidence of jaundice), or we may find some white pimples, which indicates the beginning of inflammation.

Examination of the lower section:

We may find some tumors that need to be clarified or amount of thick hair in one place.

Examination of nerves:

Examine the balance of the child to know if he moves his hands and both respond with external stimuli.

Examination of the joints and parties:

Feet snakes may be towards the inside or the outside, and this goes back to the status of the child within the womb and heal on their own, and we may find that the curvature of the leg bone.

Thorough examination of each member:

The first idea on the status of the baby is composed by considering and make sure there are no external deformities and through hearing, crying out loud is good either alanine indicates the existence of a problem.

Examination, which is subject to a baby in the delivery room, followed by the doctor checks more accurate in the subsequent three days, down to the day you leave the hospital, and when you note any damage on the little baby doctor about problems accompanied the pregnancy or medicine dealt with the mother or difficulties during childbirth looking.

That some of the distortions and if by a small percentage may be found when the baby from the first moment, including:

Heart problems, in the abdomen, hip, lip bunny, and deformation